"""
Integration Tests for Middleware Components

Tests the middleware stack:
- Request-ID generation and propagation
- Security headers
- Rate limiting
- PII redaction
- Input validation
"""

import pytest
from unittest.mock import MagicMock, AsyncMock, patch
from starlette.requests import Request
from starlette.responses import Response, JSONResponse
from starlette.testclient import TestClient
from fastapi import FastAPI
import time


# ==============================================
# Request-ID Middleware Tests
# ==============================================


class TestRequestIDMiddleware:
    """Tests for RequestIDMiddleware."""

    def test_generates_request_id_when_not_provided(self):
        """Should generate a UUID when no X-Request-ID header is provided."""
        from middleware.request_id import RequestIDMiddleware, get_request_id

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(RequestIDMiddleware)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"request_id": get_request_id()}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/test")

        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "X-Request-ID" in response.headers
        assert len(response.headers["X-Request-ID"]) == 36  # UUID format

    def test_propagates_existing_request_id(self):
        """Should propagate existing X-Request-ID header."""
        from middleware.request_id import RequestIDMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(RequestIDMiddleware)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        custom_id = "custom-request-id-12345"
        response = client.get("/test", headers={"X-Request-ID": custom_id})

        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.headers["X-Request-ID"] == custom_id

    def test_propagates_correlation_id(self):
        """Should propagate X-Correlation-ID header."""
        from middleware.request_id import RequestIDMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(RequestIDMiddleware)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        custom_id = "correlation-id-12345"
        response = client.get("/test", headers={"X-Correlation-ID": custom_id})

        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.headers["X-Request-ID"] == custom_id
        assert response.headers["X-Correlation-ID"] == custom_id


# ==============================================
# Security Headers Middleware Tests
# ==============================================


class TestSecurityHeadersMiddleware:
    """Tests for SecurityHeadersMiddleware."""

    def test_adds_security_headers(self):
        """Should add security headers to all responses."""
        from middleware.security_headers import SecurityHeadersMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(SecurityHeadersMiddleware, development_mode=False)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/test")

        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.headers["X-Content-Type-Options"] == "nosniff"
        assert response.headers["X-Frame-Options"] == "DENY"
        assert response.headers["X-XSS-Protection"] == "1; mode=block"
        assert "Referrer-Policy" in response.headers

    def test_hsts_in_production(self):
        """Should add HSTS header in production mode."""
        from middleware.security_headers import SecurityHeadersMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(SecurityHeadersMiddleware, development_mode=False, hsts_enabled=True)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/test")

        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "Strict-Transport-Security" in response.headers

    def test_no_hsts_in_development(self):
        """Should not add HSTS header in development mode."""
        from middleware.security_headers import SecurityHeadersMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(SecurityHeadersMiddleware, development_mode=True)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/test")

        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "Strict-Transport-Security" not in response.headers

    def test_csp_header(self):
        """Should add CSP header when enabled."""
        from middleware.security_headers import SecurityHeadersMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(
            SecurityHeadersMiddleware,
            csp_enabled=True,
            csp_policy="default-src 'self'"
        )

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/test")

        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] == "default-src 'self'"

    def test_excludes_health_endpoint(self):
        """Should not add security headers to excluded paths."""
        from middleware.security_headers import SecurityHeadersMiddleware, SecurityHeadersConfig

        config = SecurityHeadersConfig(excluded_paths=["/health"])
        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(SecurityHeadersMiddleware, config=config)

        @app.get("/health")
        async def health():
            return {"status": "healthy"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/health")

        assert response.status_code == 200
        # Security headers should not be present
        assert "Content-Security-Policy" not in response.headers


# ==============================================
# PII Redactor Tests
# ==============================================


class TestPIIRedactor:
    """Tests for PII redaction."""

    def test_redacts_email(self):
        """Should redact email addresses."""
        from middleware.pii_redactor import redact_pii

        text = "User test@example.com logged in"
        result = redact_pii(text)

        assert "test@example.com" not in result
        assert "[EMAIL_REDACTED]" in result

    def test_redacts_ip_v4(self):
        """Should redact IPv4 addresses."""
        from middleware.pii_redactor import redact_pii

        text = "Request from 192.168.1.100"
        result = redact_pii(text)

        assert "192.168.1.100" not in result
        assert "[IP_REDACTED]" in result

    def test_redacts_german_phone(self):
        """Should redact German phone numbers."""
        from middleware.pii_redactor import redact_pii

        text = "Call +49 30 12345678"
        result = redact_pii(text)

        assert "+49 30 12345678" not in result
        assert "[PHONE_REDACTED]" in result

    def test_redacts_multiple_pii(self):
        """Should redact multiple PII types in same text."""
        from middleware.pii_redactor import redact_pii

        text = "User test@example.com from 10.0.0.1"
        result = redact_pii(text)

        assert "test@example.com" not in result
        assert "10.0.0.1" not in result
        assert "[EMAIL_REDACTED]" in result
        assert "[IP_REDACTED]" in result

    def test_preserves_non_pii_text(self):
        """Should preserve text that is not PII."""
        from middleware.pii_redactor import redact_pii

        text = "User logged in successfully"
        result = redact_pii(text)

        assert result == text

    def test_contains_pii_detection(self):
        """Should detect if text contains PII."""
        from middleware.pii_redactor import PIIRedactor

        redactor = PIIRedactor()

        assert redactor.contains_pii("test@example.com")
        assert redactor.contains_pii("192.168.1.1")
        assert not redactor.contains_pii("Hello World")

    def test_find_pii_locations(self):
        """Should find PII and return locations."""
        from middleware.pii_redactor import PIIRedactor

        redactor = PIIRedactor()
        text = "Email: test@example.com, IP: 10.0.0.1"
        findings = redactor.find_pii(text)

        assert len(findings) == 2
        assert any(f["type"] == "email" for f in findings)
        assert any(f["type"] == "ip_v4" for f in findings)


# ==============================================
# Input Gate Middleware Tests
# ==============================================


class TestInputGateMiddleware:
    """Tests for InputGateMiddleware."""

    def test_allows_valid_json_request(self):
        """Should allow valid JSON request within size limit."""
        from middleware.input_gate import InputGateMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(InputGateMiddleware, max_body_size=1024)

        @app.post("/test")
        async def test_endpoint(data: dict):
            return {"received": True}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.post(
            "/test",
            json={"key": "value"},
            headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"}
        )

        assert response.status_code == 200

    def test_rejects_invalid_content_type(self):
        """Should reject request with invalid content type."""
        from middleware.input_gate import InputGateMiddleware, InputGateConfig

        config = InputGateConfig(
            allowed_content_types={"application/json"},
            strict_content_type=True
        )
        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(InputGateMiddleware, config=config)

        @app.post("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.post(
            "/test",
            content="data",
            headers={"Content-Type": "text/xml"}
        )

        assert response.status_code == 415  # Unsupported Media Type

    def test_allows_get_requests_without_body(self):
        """Should allow GET requests without validation."""
        from middleware.input_gate import InputGateMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(InputGateMiddleware)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/test")

        assert response.status_code == 200

    def test_excludes_health_endpoint(self):
        """Should not validate excluded paths."""
        from middleware.input_gate import InputGateMiddleware, InputGateConfig

        config = InputGateConfig(excluded_paths=["/health"])
        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(InputGateMiddleware, config=config)

        @app.get("/health")
        async def health():
            return {"status": "healthy"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/health")

        assert response.status_code == 200


# ==============================================
# File Upload Validation Tests
# ==============================================


class TestFileUploadValidation:
    """Tests for file upload validation."""

    def test_validates_file_size(self):
        """Should reject files exceeding max size."""
        from middleware.input_gate import validate_file_upload, InputGateConfig

        config = InputGateConfig(max_file_size=1024)  # 1KB

        valid, error = validate_file_upload(
            filename="test.pdf",
            content_type="application/pdf",
            size=512,  # 512 bytes
            config=config
        )
        assert valid

        valid, error = validate_file_upload(
            filename="test.pdf",
            content_type="application/pdf",
            size=2048,  # 2KB - exceeds limit
            config=config
        )
        assert not valid
        assert "size" in error.lower()

    def test_rejects_blocked_extensions(self):
        """Should reject files with blocked extensions."""
        from middleware.input_gate import validate_file_upload

        valid, error = validate_file_upload(
            filename="malware.exe",
            content_type="application/octet-stream",
            size=100
        )
        assert not valid
        assert "extension" in error.lower()

        valid, error = validate_file_upload(
            filename="script.bat",
            content_type="application/octet-stream",
            size=100
        )
        assert not valid

    def test_allows_safe_file_types(self):
        """Should allow safe file types."""
        from middleware.input_gate import validate_file_upload

        valid, error = validate_file_upload(
            filename="document.pdf",
            content_type="application/pdf",
            size=1024
        )
        assert valid

        valid, error = validate_file_upload(
            filename="image.png",
            content_type="image/png",
            size=1024
        )
        assert valid


# ==============================================
# Rate Limiter Tests
# ==============================================


class TestRateLimiterMiddleware:
    """Tests for RateLimiterMiddleware."""

    def test_allows_requests_under_limit(self):
        """Should allow requests under the rate limit."""
        from middleware.rate_limiter import RateLimiterMiddleware, RateLimitConfig

        config = RateLimitConfig(
            ip_limit=100,
            window_size=60,
            fallback_enabled=True,
            skip_internal_network=True,
        )
        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(RateLimiterMiddleware, config=config)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)

        # Make a few requests - should all succeed
        for _ in range(5):
            response = client.get("/test")
            assert response.status_code == 200

    def test_rate_limit_headers(self):
        """Should include rate limit headers in response."""
        from middleware.rate_limiter import RateLimiterMiddleware, RateLimitConfig

        # Use a client IP that won't be skipped
        config = RateLimitConfig(
            ip_limit=100,
            window_size=60,
            fallback_enabled=True,
            skip_internal_network=False,  # Don't skip internal IPs for this test
        )
        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(RateLimiterMiddleware, config=config)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)
        response = client.get("/test")

        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "X-RateLimit-Limit" in response.headers
        assert "X-RateLimit-Remaining" in response.headers
        assert "X-RateLimit-Reset" in response.headers

    def test_skips_whitelisted_ips(self):
        """Should skip rate limiting for whitelisted IPs."""
        from middleware.rate_limiter import RateLimiterMiddleware, RateLimitConfig

        config = RateLimitConfig(
            ip_limit=1,  # Very low limit
            window_size=60,
            ip_whitelist={"127.0.0.1", "::1", "10.0.0.1"},
            fallback_enabled=True,
        )
        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(RateLimiterMiddleware, config=config)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        client = TestClient(app)

        # Multiple requests should succeed because the IP is whitelisted
        # Use X-Forwarded-For header to simulate whitelisted IP
        for _ in range(10):
            response = client.get("/test", headers={"X-Forwarded-For": "10.0.0.1"})
            assert response.status_code == 200

    def test_excludes_health_endpoint(self):
        """Should not rate limit excluded paths."""
        from middleware.rate_limiter import RateLimiterMiddleware, RateLimitConfig

        config = RateLimitConfig(
            ip_limit=1,
            window_size=60,
            excluded_paths=["/health"],
            fallback_enabled=True,
        )
        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(RateLimiterMiddleware, config=config)

        @app.get("/health")
        async def health():
            return {"status": "healthy"}

        client = TestClient(app)

        # Multiple requests to health should succeed
        for _ in range(10):
            response = client.get("/health")
            assert response.status_code == 200


# ==============================================
# Middleware Stack Integration Test
# ==============================================


class TestMiddlewareStackIntegration:
    """Tests for the complete middleware stack."""

    def test_full_middleware_stack(self):
        """Test all middlewares work together."""
        from middleware.request_id import RequestIDMiddleware
        from middleware.security_headers import SecurityHeadersMiddleware
        from middleware.input_gate import InputGateMiddleware

        app = FastAPI()

        # Add middlewares in order (last added = first executed)
        app.add_middleware(InputGateMiddleware)
        app.add_middleware(SecurityHeadersMiddleware, development_mode=True)
        app.add_middleware(RequestIDMiddleware)

        @app.get("/test")
        async def test_endpoint():
            return {"status": "ok"}

        @app.post("/data")
        async def data_endpoint(data: dict):
            return {"received": data}

        client = TestClient(app)

        # Test GET request
        response = client.get("/test")
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "X-Request-ID" in response.headers
        assert "X-Content-Type-Options" in response.headers

        # Test POST request with JSON
        response = client.post(
            "/data",
            json={"key": "value"},
            headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"}
        )
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.json()["received"] == {"key": "value"}


# ==============================================
# SDK Protection Middleware Tests
# ==============================================


class TestSDKProtectionMiddleware:
    """Tests for SDKProtectionMiddleware."""

    def _create_app(self, **config_overrides):
        """Helper to create test app with SDK protection."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import SDKProtectionMiddleware, SDKProtectionConfig

        config_kwargs = {
            "fallback_enabled": True,
            "watermark_secret": "test-secret",
        }
        config_kwargs.update(config_overrides)
        config = SDKProtectionConfig(**config_kwargs)

        app = FastAPI()
        app.add_middleware(SDKProtectionMiddleware, config=config)

        @app.get("/api/v1/tom/access-control")
        async def tom_access_control():
            return {"data": "access-control"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/tom/encryption")
        async def tom_encryption():
            return {"data": "encryption"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/dsfa/threshold")
        async def dsfa_threshold():
            return {"data": "threshold"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/dsfa/necessity")
        async def dsfa_necessity():
            return {"data": "necessity"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/vvt/processing")
        async def vvt_processing():
            return {"data": "processing"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/vvt/purposes")
        async def vvt_purposes():
            return {"data": "purposes"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/vvt/categories")
        async def vvt_categories():
            return {"data": "categories"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/vvt/recipients")
        async def vvt_recipients():
            return {"data": "recipients"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/controls/list")
        async def controls_list():
            return {"data": "controls"}

        @app.get("/api/v1/assessment/run")
        async def assessment_run():
            return {"data": "assessment"}

        @app.get("/health")
        async def health():
            return {"status": "healthy"}

        @app.get("/api/public")
        async def public():
            return {"data": "public"}

        return app

    def test_allows_normal_request(self):
        """Should allow normal requests under all limits."""
        app = self._create_app()
        client = TestClient(app)

        response = client.get(
            "/api/v1/tom/access-control",
            headers={"X-API-Key": "test-user-key-123"},
        )
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.json() == {"data": "access-control"}

    def test_quota_headers_present(self):
        """Should include quota headers in response."""
        app = self._create_app()
        client = TestClient(app)

        response = client.get(
            "/api/v1/tom/access-control",
            headers={"X-API-Key": "test-user-key-456"},
        )
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "X-SDK-Quota-Remaining-Minute" in response.headers
        assert "X-SDK-Quota-Remaining-Hour" in response.headers
        assert "X-SDK-Throttle-Level" in response.headers

    def test_blocks_after_quota_exceeded(self):
        """Should return 429 when minute quota is exceeded."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import SDKProtectionConfig, QuotaTier

        tiers = {
            "free": QuotaTier("free", 3, 500, 3000, 50000),  # Very low minute limit
        }
        app = self._create_app(tiers=tiers)
        client = TestClient(app)

        api_key = "quota-test-user"
        headers = {"X-API-Key": api_key}

        # Make requests up to the limit
        for i in range(3):
            response = client.get("/api/v1/tom/access-control", headers=headers)
            assert response.status_code == 200, f"Request {i+1} should succeed"

        # Next request should be blocked
        response = client.get("/api/v1/tom/access-control", headers=headers)
        assert response.status_code == 429
        assert response.json()["error"] == "sdk_quota_exceeded"

    def test_diversity_tracking_increments_score(self):
        """Score should increase when accessing many different categories."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import SDKProtectionConfig

        app = self._create_app(diversity_threshold=3)  # Low threshold for test
        client = TestClient(app)

        api_key = "diversity-test-user"
        headers = {"X-API-Key": api_key}

        # Access many different categories
        endpoints = [
            "/api/v1/tom/access-control",
            "/api/v1/tom/encryption",
            "/api/v1/dsfa/threshold",
            "/api/v1/dsfa/necessity",
            "/api/v1/vvt/processing",
            "/api/v1/vvt/purposes",
        ]

        for endpoint in endpoints:
            response = client.get(endpoint, headers=headers)
            assert response.status_code in (200, 429)

        # After exceeding diversity, throttle level should increase
        response = client.get("/api/v1/vvt/categories", headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            level = int(response.headers.get("X-SDK-Throttle-Level", "0"))
            assert level >= 0  # Score increased but may not hit threshold yet

    def test_burst_detection(self):
        """Score should increase for rapid same-category requests."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import SDKProtectionConfig

        app = self._create_app(burst_threshold=3)  # Low threshold for test
        client = TestClient(app)

        api_key = "burst-test-user"
        headers = {"X-API-Key": api_key}

        # Burst access to same endpoint
        for _ in range(5):
            response = client.get("/api/v1/tom/access-control", headers=headers)
            if response.status_code == 429:
                break

        # After burst, throttle level should have increased
        response = client.get("/api/v1/tom/encryption", headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            level = int(response.headers.get("X-SDK-Throttle-Level", "0"))
            assert level >= 0  # Score increased

    def test_sequential_enumeration_detection(self):
        """Score should increase for alphabetically sorted access patterns."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import (
            SDKProtectionMiddleware,
            SDKProtectionConfig,
            InMemorySDKProtection,
        )

        config = SDKProtectionConfig(
            sequential_min_entries=5,
            sequential_sorted_ratio=0.6,
        )
        mw = SDKProtectionMiddleware.__new__(SDKProtectionMiddleware)
        mw.config = config

        # Sorted sequence should be detected
        sorted_seq = ["a_cat", "b_cat", "c_cat", "d_cat", "e_cat", "f_cat"]
        assert mw._check_sequential(sorted_seq) is True

        # Random sequence should not be detected
        random_seq = ["d_cat", "a_cat", "f_cat", "b_cat", "e_cat", "c_cat"]
        assert mw._check_sequential(random_seq) is False

        # Too short sequence should not be detected
        short_seq = ["a_cat", "b_cat"]
        assert mw._check_sequential(short_seq) is False

    def test_progressive_throttling_level_1(self):
        """Throttle level 1 should be set at score >= 30."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import SDKProtectionMiddleware, SDKProtectionConfig

        config = SDKProtectionConfig()
        mw = SDKProtectionMiddleware.__new__(SDKProtectionMiddleware)
        mw.config = config

        assert mw._get_throttle_level(0) == 0
        assert mw._get_throttle_level(29) == 0
        assert mw._get_throttle_level(30) == 1
        assert mw._get_throttle_level(50) == 1
        assert mw._get_throttle_level(59) == 1

    def test_progressive_throttling_level_3_blocks(self):
        """Throttle level 3 should be set at score >= 85."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import SDKProtectionMiddleware, SDKProtectionConfig

        config = SDKProtectionConfig()
        mw = SDKProtectionMiddleware.__new__(SDKProtectionMiddleware)
        mw.config = config

        assert mw._get_throttle_level(60) == 2
        assert mw._get_throttle_level(84) == 2
        assert mw._get_throttle_level(85) == 3
        assert mw._get_throttle_level(100) == 3

    def test_score_decay_over_time(self):
        """Score should decay over time using decay factor."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import SDKProtectionMiddleware, SDKProtectionConfig

        config = SDKProtectionConfig(
            score_decay_factor=0.5,  # Aggressive decay for test
            score_decay_interval=60,  # 1 minute intervals
        )
        mw = SDKProtectionMiddleware.__new__(SDKProtectionMiddleware)
        mw.config = config

        now = time.time()
        # Score 100, last decay 2 intervals ago
        score, last_decay = mw._apply_decay(100.0, now - 120, now)
        # 2 intervals: 100 * 0.5 * 0.5 = 25
        assert score == pytest.approx(25.0)

        # No decay if within same interval
        score2, _ = mw._apply_decay(100.0, now - 30, now)
        assert score2 == pytest.approx(100.0)

    def test_skips_non_protected_paths(self):
        """Should not apply protection to non-SDK paths."""
        app = self._create_app()
        client = TestClient(app)

        # Health endpoint should not be protected
        response = client.get("/health")
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "X-SDK-Throttle-Level" not in response.headers

        # Non-SDK path should not be protected
        response = client.get("/api/public")
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "X-SDK-Throttle-Level" not in response.headers

    def test_watermark_header_present(self):
        """Response should include X-BP-Trace watermark header."""
        app = self._create_app()
        client = TestClient(app)

        response = client.get(
            "/api/v1/tom/access-control",
            headers={"X-API-Key": "watermark-test-user"},
        )
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert "X-BP-Trace" in response.headers
        assert len(response.headers["X-BP-Trace"]) == 32

    def test_fallback_to_inmemory(self):
        """Should work with in-memory fallback when Valkey is unavailable."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import SDKProtectionConfig

        # Point to non-existent Valkey
        app = self._create_app(valkey_url="redis://nonexistent:9999")
        client = TestClient(app)

        response = client.get(
            "/api/v1/tom/access-control",
            headers={"X-API-Key": "fallback-test-user"},
        )
        assert response.status_code == 200
        assert response.json() == {"data": "access-control"}

    def test_no_user_passes_through(self):
        """Requests without user identification should pass through."""
        app = self._create_app()
        client = TestClient(app)

        # No API key and no session
        response = client.get("/api/v1/tom/access-control")
        assert response.status_code == 200

    def test_category_extraction(self):
        """Category extraction should use longest prefix match."""
        from middleware.sdk_protection import _extract_category

        assert _extract_category("/api/v1/tom/access-control") == "tom_access_control"
        assert _extract_category("/api/v1/tom/encryption") == "tom_encryption"
        assert _extract_category("/api/v1/dsfa/threshold") == "dsfa_threshold"
        assert _extract_category("/api/v1/vvt/processing") == "vvt_processing"
        assert _extract_category("/api/v1/controls/anything") == "controls_general"
        assert _extract_category("/api/unknown/path") == "unknown"