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Verified the actual PDF cover pages: FMD-91 (ADA259655) and NPRD-91 (ADA242083) carry "© 1991, IIT Research Institute. All Rights Reserved" plus a DoD "distribution unlimited" statement. The distribution statement permits obtaining/reading the document, NOT reproducing its tables in a commercial product — treat like DIN/ISO. The earlier P1 docs wrongly labelled them "public domain" (an unverified research claim). - Correct the licence in fmea_data_sources.go note + mil_std_1629a_fmeca.md + fmd91_nprd_failure_modes.md (read-reference only; tables NOT reproduced). - The bp_iace_fmea_kb collection was deleted from Qdrant (the mislabelled doc removed); methodology docs (MIL-STD/NASA, genuine PD) not re-ingested pending review. The Go methodology module (own scales, MIL-STD-anchored) is unaffected and stays. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Failure-mode taxonomy & reliability data — FMD-91 / NPRD-91 (public domain)
Open component→failure-mode taxonomy and failure-rate (λ) / mode-ratio (α)
anchor for the IACE auto-FMEA. Ingested into bp_iace_fmea_kb. The bulk numeric
tables are fetched from the DTIC PDFs in a follow-up P1 step; this doc fixes the
sources + the per-component mode lists used to seed the gated library (P2).
Sources & licence (CORRECTED 2026-06-12 — NOT public domain)
- FMD-91 (RAC/DTIC, ADA259655) and NPRD-91/95 (RAC/DTIC, ADA242083) carry "© 1991, IIT Research Institute. All Rights Reserved." + DoD "Approved for public release; distribution unlimited". The distribution statement allows us to OBTAIN/READ them; it is NOT a licence to reproduce the tables in a commercial product. Treat exactly like DIN/ISO: do not reproduce the tables, do not bulk- ingest them. Their successor (Quanterion) sells the data commercially.
- This doc therefore reproduces no FMD-91/NPRD table — only a GENERIC failure- mode taxonomy (general engineering knowledge / CC-BY-SA Wikipedia) and source pointers. The λ/α numeric tables are NOT vendored.
- MIL-HDBK-217F (US DoD employee work) — electronic-part λ models — is public domain (genuine DoD standard).
- AVOID reproducing: FMD-91/NPRD-91 tables (© IITRI), Quanterion NPRD-2023 / FMD-2016 / EPRD-2024 (proprietary), OREDA (commercial), FIDES tables (© DGA), ISO 14224 (copyrighted). Never use any of these "in conjunction with the name" of the US Government or IITRI without written permission.
Failure modes by component class (open — FMD-91 + CC-BY-SA Wikipedia)
| Component class | Typical failure modes |
|---|---|
| Bearings | fatigue spalling/pitting, wear, brinelling, seizure, contamination |
| Gears | pitting, scuffing/scoring, tooth-fatigue fracture, wear |
| Shafts / fasteners / springs | fatigue fracture, fretting, loosening, set/relaxation |
| Seals / hoses / cylinders | leakage (external/internal), extrusion, hardening, rupture |
| Valves / pumps | stuck-open, stuck-closed, leakage, fail-to-open/close, degraded flow |
| Motors / contactors | winding short, open circuit, insulation breakdown, contact weld/stick |
| Sensors / cabling | drift/bias, loss of signal, intermittent, open/short |
FMD-91 additionally gives the % weighting (α) of each mode per class — that
is the mode-ratio in Cm = λp·α·β·t and lets the engine RANK modes rather than
enumerate them flatly.
How used in IACE
- Taxonomy → seeds/expands the gated failure-mode library (P2).
- λ (NPRD/217) × α (FMD-91) → mode rate →
OccurrenceFromRate→ 1–10 occurrence. - Each
source/licensetagged; allowlist rejects copyrighted/proprietary data.