feat(iace): Sprint 4B — ISO 12100 Hazard/Situation/Harm Trennung

ISO 12100 trennt: Hazard (Quelle) → Hazardous Situation (Person exponiert) → Harm (Verletzung).
Bisher war alles in einem Hazard-Record vermischt.

Implementierung als abgeleitetes Feld (keine DB-Migration noetig):
- HazardType Feld auf Hazard Entity ("hazard"|"hazardous_situation"|"harm")
- DeriveHazardType() berechnet Typ aus Scenario/PossibleHarm/Category
- Explizites Override moeglich (HazardType direkt setzen)
- GeneratedHazardType auf HazardPattern fuer Pattern-gesteuerte Zuweisung
- Store: GetHazard/ListHazards setzen HazardType automatisch
- Init-Handler: Fuellt jetzt TriggerEvent, PossibleHarm, AffectedPerson, HazardousZone
  aus Pattern-Match-Daten (vorher leer gelassen)

6 neue Tests: ScenarioAndHarm, HarmOnly, CategoryOnly, ExplicitOverride,
EmptyFallback, PatternMatchField

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

ai-compliance-sdk/internal/iace/phase3_4_test.go

@@ -338,6 +338,62 @@ func TestEvidenceTypes_UniqueIDs(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Sprint 4B: HazardType / ISO 12100 Trennung
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+func TestDeriveHazardType_WithScenarioAndHarm(t *testing.T) {
+	h := &Hazard{Scenario: "Person im Bewegungsraum", PossibleHarm: "Quetschung"}
+	if got := DeriveHazardType(h); got != HazardTypeHazardousSituation {
+		t.Errorf("expected hazardous_situation, got %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeriveHazardType_HarmOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	h := &Hazard{PossibleHarm: "Quetschung", Category: "mechanical"}
+	if got := DeriveHazardType(h); got != HazardTypeHarm {
+		t.Errorf("expected harm, got %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeriveHazardType_CategoryOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	h := &Hazard{Category: "mechanical_hazard"}
+	if got := DeriveHazardType(h); got != HazardTypeHazard {
+		t.Errorf("expected hazard, got %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeriveHazardType_ExplicitOverride(t *testing.T) {
+	h := &Hazard{HazardType: "harm", Scenario: "ignored", PossibleHarm: "ignored"}
+	if got := DeriveHazardType(h); got != "harm" {
+		t.Errorf("expected explicit harm, got %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeriveHazardType_EmptyFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	h := &Hazard{}
+	if got := DeriveHazardType(h); got != DefaultHazardType {
+		t.Errorf("expected default %s, got %s", DefaultHazardType, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPatternMatch_GeneratedHazardType(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify PatternMatch carries GeneratedHazardType
+	engine := NewPatternEngine()
+	result := engine.Match(MatchInput{
+		ComponentLibraryIDs: []string{"C001"},
+		EnergySourceIDs:     []string{"EN01"},
+	})
+	// Most patterns don't set GeneratedHazardType (empty = default)
+	// Just verify the field exists and doesn't crash
+	for _, p := range result.MatchedPatterns {
+		_ = p.GeneratedHazardType // Should compile and not panic
+	}
+	if len(result.MatchedPatterns) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected matched patterns")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestEvidenceTypes_SortOrder(t *testing.T) {
 	types := GetEvidenceTypeLibrary()
 	for i := 1; i < len(types); i++ {