feat(iace): Sprint 4D — Failure Mode Layer (FMEA-Faehigkeit)

150 Failure Modes in 11 ComponentTypes:
- Sensor (20): Signalverlust, Drift, Falschmeldung, Encoder-spezifisch
- Controller (20): Watchdog, Speicher, Bus, Safety-SPS CCF, Antrieb
- Actuator (15): Blockiert, Ueberlast, Haltekraftverlust, Schuetz verschweisst
- Mechanical (20): Ermuedungsbruch, Lagerschaden, Kettenriss, Werkzeugbruch
- Electrical (15): Isolation, Kurzschluss, Erdschluss, Lichtbogen
- Software (15): Exception, Race Condition, Buffer Overflow, Timing
- Hydraulic/Pneumatic (15): Schlauchplatzer, Ventil blockiert, Kavitation
- Safety Device (15): Failure-to-trip, CCF, Bremsenverschleiss, PL-Degradation
- Network (10): Paketverlust, Latenz, Man-in-the-Middle
- AI/ML (5): Model Drift, Adversarial Input, Bias

Architektur:
- FailureModeEntry Struct mit FMEA-Scores (Severity/Occurrence/Detection 1-10)
- RPZ = S x O x D (max 1000, Schwelle >= 100 = Massnahme erforderlich)
- RequiredFailureModes auf HazardPattern fuer FM-gesteuertes Pattern-Matching
- MatchInput.FailureModes + MatchReason "failure_mode" (Explainability)
- GET /failure-modes?component_type= API-Endpoint

10 Tests: Count, UniqueIDs, ValidTypes, NonEmpty, Distribution, RPZ (3x), NilFires, RPZDistribution

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

ai-compliance-sdk/internal/app/routes.go

@@ -361,6 +361,7 @@ func registerIACERoutes(v1 *gin.RouterGroup, h *handlers.IACEHandler) {
 		iaceRoutes.GET("/roles", h.ListRoles)
 		iaceRoutes.GET("/evidence-types", h.ListEvidenceTypes)
 		iaceRoutes.GET("/protective-measures-library", h.ListProtectiveMeasures)
+		iaceRoutes.GET("/failure-modes", h.ListFailureModes)
 		iaceRoutes.GET("/component-library", h.ListComponentLibrary)
 		iaceRoutes.GET("/energy-sources", h.ListEnergySources)
 		iaceRoutes.GET("/tags", h.ListTags)